一(yi)、通(tong)電(dian)后電(dian)動機不能轉動，但無異(yi)響，也無異(yi)味和冒煙。 

1．故(gu)障(zhang)原(yuan)因①電源未通(tong)（至(zhi)(zhi)少兩相(xiang)未通(tong)）；②熔(rong)絲熔(rong)斷（至(zhi)(zhi)少兩相(xiang)熔(rong)斷）；③過流(liu)繼電器調得過小；④控制設備接線錯誤。 

2．故(gu)障排除①檢(jian)查(cha)電源回(hui)路開關，熔絲、接線(xian)盒處是否有斷點，修復(fu)；②檢(jian)查(cha)熔絲型號(hao)、熔斷原因，換(huan)新熔絲；③調節繼電器(qi)整定值(zhi)與電動(dong)機配合；④改正接線(xian)。 

二、通電后電動(dong)機不轉，然后熔絲燒斷 

1．故障原因①缺一相(xiang)(xiang)電源(yuan)，或(huo)定干線圈一相(xiang)(xiang)反接(jie)；②定子繞組相(xiang)(xiang)間(jian)短(duan)路；③定子繞組接(jie)地；④定子繞組接(jie)線錯誤；⑤熔絲截面(mian)過小；⑤電源(yuan)線短(duan)路或(huo)接(jie)地。 

2．故障(zhang)排除(chu)(chu)(chu)①檢查刀閘是(shi)否(fou)有(you)一相(xiang)未(wei)合(he)好，可(ke)電源回路有(you)一相(xiang)斷(duan)線；消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)反接(jie)故障(zhang)；②查出(chu)短(duan)路點(dian)，予以修復(fu)；③消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)接(jie)地(di)；④查出(chu)誤接(jie)，予以更(geng)正；⑤更(geng)換熔絲；③消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)(chu)接(jie)地(di)點(dian)。 

三、通電后電動(dong)機不(bu)轉(zhuan)有嗡嗡聲(sheng) 

l．故障原因①定(ding)、轉子(zi)繞(rao)組有(you)斷(duan)(duan)路（一相(xiang)斷(duan)(duan)線(xian)）或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源一相(xiang)失(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②繞(rao)組引出線(xian)始末端(duan)接錯(cuo)或(huo)繞(rao)組內部接反；③電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源回(hui)路接點松動(dong)(dong)，接觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻大(da)；④電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)負載(zai)過(guo)大(da)或(huo)轉子(zi)卡住；⑤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過(guo)低(di)；⑥小型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)裝(zhuang)配太緊或(huo)軸承(cheng)內油脂(zhi)過(guo)硬(ying)；⑦軸承(cheng)卡住。 

2．故障排除①查(cha)明(ming)斷點予以(yi)修復(fu)；②檢查(cha)繞組極性；判斷繞組末端是(shi)(shi)否正確；③緊固松動的接(jie)(jie)(jie)線螺絲，用萬用表判斷各接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭是(shi)(shi)否假接(jie)(jie)(jie)，予以(yi)修復(fu)；④減載(zai)或查(cha)出并消(xiao)除機械故障，⑤檢查(cha)是(shi)(shi)還把規定的面接(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)誤接(jie)(jie)(jie)為Y；是(shi)(shi)否由(you)于(yu)電(dian)源導(dao)線過(guo)(guo)細(xi)使壓降過(guo)(guo)大(da)，予以(yi)糾正，⑥重新裝(zhuang)配(pei)使之靈活；更換合格油脂；⑦修復(fu)軸(zhou)承。 

四(si)、電動機起動困難，額(e)定(ding)負載時，電動機轉速低于(yu)額(e)定(ding)轉速較多 

1．故障原因①電(dian)源電(dian)壓過低(di)；②面(mian)接(jie)法電(dian)機(ji)誤(wu)接(jie)為Y；③籠型轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)開焊或斷裂；④定轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)局部(bu)線(xian)圈錯(cuo)接(jie)、接(jie)反；③修復電(dian)機(ji)繞組時(shi)增加(jia)匝(za)數過多(duo)；⑤電(dian)機(ji)過載。 

2．故障排除①測量(liang)電源電壓(ya)，設法(fa)改(gai)善；②糾正接(jie)法(fa)；③檢查開焊和斷點并修復；④查出誤接(jie)處，予(yu)以改(gai)正；⑤恢(hui)復正確(que)匝數；⑥減載(zai)。 

五、電(dian)動機空(kong)載電(dian)流不平衡，三相相差大(da) 

1．故障原因①重繞(rao)時(shi)，定子三相繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)匝數不相等；②繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)首尾端接錯；③電源電壓不平衡；④繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)存在匝間短路、線(xian)圈反接等故障。 

2．故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)排除(chu)①重新繞(rao)制(zhi)定子(zi)繞(rao)組；②檢查并糾正(zheng)；③測(ce)量電源電壓，設法消除(chu)不平(ping)衡；④峭除(chu)繞(rao)組故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。 

六、電動機空載，過負載時，電流表指(zhi)針不穩，擺(bai)動 

1．故障原因①籠型(xing)轉子導條(tiao)開焊(han)或(huo)斷條(tiao)；②繞線型(xing)轉子故障（一(yi)相斷路）或(huo)電刷、集電環短路裝置接觸不良(liang)。 

2．故障(zhang)排除①查出斷條(tiao)予以修復(fu)或更換轉(zhuan)子(zi)；②檢查繞轉(zhuan)子(zi)回路并加以修復(fu)。 

七、電(dian)動(dong)機空載(zai)電(dian)流平衡，但數值大 

1．故障原因①修(xiu)復時，定子(zi)繞組匝數減(jian)少(shao)過多；②電(dian)源電(dian)壓過高；③Y接(jie)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)誤接(jie)為Δ；④電(dian)機(ji)裝配(pei)中，轉子(zi)裝反，使(shi)(shi)定子(zi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)未對齊，有效(xiao)長度減(jian)短；⑤氣(qi)隙過大(da)或不均勻(yun)；⑥大(da)修(xiu)拆(chai)除(chu)舊繞組時，使(shi)(shi)用熱拆(chai)法不當，使(shi)(shi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)燒(shao)損。 

2．故障(zhang)排(pai)除(chu)①重繞(rao)定(ding)子(zi)繞(rao)組，恢復正確匝數；②設法恢復額定(ding)電壓；③改接為Y；④重新(xin)裝(zhuang)配；③更換新(xin)轉子(zi)或(huo)調(diao)整(zheng)氣隙；⑤檢修鐵芯或(huo)重新(xin)計算繞(rao)組，適當增加(jia)匝數。 

八、電動機運行時響聲不正常(chang)，有(you)異響 

1．故障原因①轉子(zi)(zi)與(yu)定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)絕緣紙或(huo)(huo)槽楔(xie)相擦；②軸承(cheng)磨損或(huo)(huo)油(you)內有砂粒等異(yi)物(wu)；③定(ding)(ding)轉子(zi)(zi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)松動；④軸承(cheng)缺油(you)；⑤風(feng)道填塞或(huo)(huo)風(feng)扇擦風(feng)罩，⑥定(ding)(ding)轉子(zi)(zi)鐵(tie)芯(xin)(xin)相擦；⑦電源電壓過高或(huo)(huo)不平衡；⑧定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)繞(rao)組錯(cuo)接(jie)或(huo)(huo)短路。 

2．故障排除①修(xiu)剪絕(jue)緣，削低槽楔；②更換(huan)軸承或清洗(xi)軸承；③檢修(xiu)定、轉(zhuan)子鐵芯；④加油(you)；⑤清理風(feng)道；重新安裝(zhuang)置；⑥消除擦痕，必(bi)要時車(che)內(nei)小轉(zhuan)子；⑦檢查(cha)并(bing)調整(zheng)電(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)壓；⑧消除定子繞組故障。 

九(jiu)、運行中電動(dong)機振動(dong)較大 

1．故障原因①由于磨損軸(zhou)承間隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)；②氣隙(xi)不均勻(yun)；③轉(zhuan)子(zi)不平衡(heng)；④轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)彎曲(qu)；⑤鐵芯變(bian)形或松(song)動；⑥聯軸(zhou)器（皮帶輪）中心未校(xiao)正；⑦風扇不平衡(heng)；⑧機殼或基(ji)礎強度(du)不夠；⑨電動機地腳螺絲松(song)動；⑩籠型轉(zhuan)子(zi)開焊斷路；繞(rao)(rao)線轉(zhuan)子(zi)斷路；加定子(zi)繞(rao)(rao)組故障。 

2．故障排除(chu)①檢修(xiu)軸承，必要(yao)時更換；②調(diao)整氣隙，使之均勻；③校正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)動平衡；④校直轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸；⑤校正(zheng)(zheng)重(zhong)疊(die)鐵芯(xin)，⑥重(zhong)新(xin)校正(zheng)(zheng)，使之符合規(gui)定；⑦檢修(xiu)風扇，校正(zheng)(zheng)平衡，糾正(zheng)(zheng)其幾何形狀；⑧進行加固；⑨緊固地腳螺絲；⑩修(xiu)復(fu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)繞組；修(xiu)復(fu)定子(zi)(zi)繞組。 

十、軸(zhou)承(cheng)過熱 

1．故障原(yuan)因(yin)①滑脂過多(duo)或(huo)(huo)過少；②油質不(bu)好含有雜質；③軸(zhou)承(cheng)與軸(zhou)頸或(huo)(huo)端(duan)蓋配合(he)不(bu)當(dang)（過松或(huo)(huo)過緊）；④軸(zhou)承(cheng)內孔偏心，與軸(zhou)相擦(ca)；⑤電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)端(duan)蓋或(huo)(huo)軸(zhou)承(cheng)蓋未(wei)裝(zhuang)平；⑥電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)與負(fu)載間(jian)聯(lian)軸(zhou)器未(wei)校(xiao)正，或(huo)(huo)皮帶過緊；⑦軸(zhou)承(cheng)間(jian)隙(xi)過大(da)或(huo)(huo)過小；⑧電動(dong)機(ji)(ji)軸(zhou)彎曲。 

2．故障排(pai)除(chu)①按規定加潤(run)滑(hua)脂(zhi)（容積的1/3-2/3）；②更換(huan)清潔的潤(run)滑(hua)滑(hua)脂(zhi)；③過松可用粘結劑修復，過緊應車，磨軸(zhou)頸或(huo)端蓋內孔，使之(zhi)適合(he)；④修理軸(zhou)承(cheng)蓋，消(xiao)除(chu)擦點；⑤重(zhong)新裝配；⑥重(zhong)新校正(zheng)(zheng)，調整皮帶張(zhang)力；⑦更換(huan)新軸(zhou)承(cheng)；⑧校正(zheng)(zheng)電機軸(zhou)或(huo)更換(huan)轉子。 

十一、電動機過熱(re)甚至冒煙 

1．故(gu)障原因①電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)高(gao)，使鐵(tie)芯發熱大(da)大(da)增加；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)又帶額定(ding)(ding)負載運(yun)行(xing)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)流過(guo)大(da)使繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)發熱；③修理(li)拆除(chu)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)時，采用熱拆法不當，燒傷鐵(tie)芯；④定(ding)(ding)轉子鐵(tie)芯相(xiang)(xiang)擦；⑤電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)過(guo)載或頻繁起動(dong)；⑥籠型轉子斷條；⑦電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)缺相(xiang)(xiang)，兩相(xiang)(xiang)運(yun)行(xing)；⑧重繞(rao)后定(ding)(ding)于繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)浸(jin)漆(qi)不充分(fen)；⑨環境(jing)溫(wen)度高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)表面污垢多，或通風(feng)道堵塞(sai)；⑩電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)風(feng)扇故(gu)障，通風(feng)不良；定(ding)(ding)子繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)故(gu)障（相(xiang)(xiang)間、匝間短路(lu)；定(ding)(ding)子繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)內部連接錯誤）。 

2．故障(zhang)(zhang)排除(chu)(chu)①降低電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（如調(diao)整(zheng)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)變壓(ya)器分接頭），若是電(dian)(dian)機(ji)Y、Δ接法(fa)錯(cuo)誤引(yin)起，則應改正接法(fa)；②提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或換粗供(gong)電(dian)(dian)導線；③檢修(xiu)鐵芯，排除(chu)(chu)故障(zhang)(zhang)；④消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)擦點（調(diao)整(zheng)氣隙或挫、車轉子(zi)）；⑤減載；按(an)規定(ding)(ding)次數控制起動；⑥檢查并消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)轉子(zi)繞組故障(zhang)(zhang)；⑦恢復三相運行；⑧采用二(er)次浸漆及真空浸漆工藝(yi)；⑨清(qing)洗電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)，改善環境溫度，采用降溫措施；⑩檢查并修(xiu)復風扇，必要時更換；檢修(xiu)定(ding)(ding)子(zi)繞組，消(xiao)除(chu)(chu)故障(zhang)(zhang)。