德瑪吉810D西門子加工中心使能加不上；故(gu)障處理分(fen)析(xi)-遇到一個武(wu)漢(han)客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)反(fan)應西門(men)子CCU控(kong)制器(qi)有時候使能(neng)不(bu)(bu)上(shang)，公司懷疑控(kong)制器(qi)有問題(ti)(ti)喊拆下來，經過(guo)來測試也是(shi)跟現(xian)場相同問題(ti)(ti)，經過(guo)工程(cheng)師的(de)一天修(xiu)復發給客(ke)(ke)戶(hu)，在(zai)也沒出(chu)現(xian)使能(neng)不(bu)(bu)上(shang)問題(ti)(ti)。

系統的常見故障分析

　　根據(ju)數(shu)控系統的(de)構成，工作原理和(he)特點，結(jie)合(he)我們在維修(xiu)中的(de)經驗，將常見的(de)故障部(bu)位及故障現(xian)象分析如下。

　　（1）位置環(huan)　這是數控系統發(fa)出控制(zhi)指令，并與位置檢測系統的反饋值(zhi)相(xiang)比較，進(jin)一步完成(cheng)控制(zhi)任(ren)務(wu)的關鍵環(huan)節。它具有(you)很高的工(gong)作頻(pin)度，并與外設(she)相(xiang)聯接(jie)，所以容易發(fa)生故障。

　　常見的故障有：①位控環報警：可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)回(hui)路開路；測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)系統損壞，位控單元(yuan)內部損壞。②不(bu)發指(zhi)令就運動，可(ke)能(neng)是(shi)漂移過高(gao)，正反(fan)饋，位控單元(yuan)故障；測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)件損壞。③測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)件故障，一般(ban)表現為無反(fan)饋值；機床回(hui)不(bu)了(le)基準(zhun)點；高(gao)速(su)時漏(lou)脈沖產生報警可(ke)能(neng)的原因是(shi)光柵(zha)或讀頭臟(zang)了(le)；光柵(zha)壞了(le)。

　　（2）伺服驅(qu)動系(xi)統　伺服驅(qu)動系(xi)統與電源電網，機械系(xi)統等相關聯，而且在(zai)工(gong)作中(zhong)一直處于頻繁的啟動和運行狀態，因而這也(ye)是故障較多的部分(fen)。

　　其(qi)主要故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)有：①系(xi)統損(sun)壞。一(yi)般(ban)由(you)于(yu)網(wang)絡電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波(bo)動太大(da)，或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓沖(chong)擊(ji)造(zao)成(cheng)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)國大(da)部(bu)分地區電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)質量不(bu)好，會(hui)給機(ji)床(chuang)帶(dai)來電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超限，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瞬(shun)間超限，如(ru)無(wu)(wu)專門的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓監控(kong)儀，則很難測(ce)到(dao)(dao)，在(zai)(zai)查找故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)時(shi)，要加以(yi)注意，還有一(yi)些是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)特殊原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)損(sun)壞。如(ru)華(hua)北某(mou)(mou)廠(chang)由(you)于(yu)雷擊(ji)中(zhong)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站并竄入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)而(er)造(zao)成(cheng)多臺機(ji)床(chuang)伺(si)服(fu)系(xi)統損(sun)壞。②無(wu)(wu)控(kong)制指(zhi)令，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)高速(su)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。這(zhe)種(zhong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速(su)度(du)環開(kai)環或(huo)正(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)饋。如(ru)在(zai)(zai)東北某(mou)(mou)廠(chang)，引(yin)(yin)進(jin)的(de)西(xi)德WOTAN公司轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)銑床(chuang)在(zai)(zai)調試中(zhong)，機(ji)床(chuang)X軸(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)(zai)無(wu)(wu)指(zhi)令的(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，高速(su)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，經分析我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)認(ren)為是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)饋造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)。因(yin)為系(xi)統零(ling)點漂移，在(zai)(zai)正(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)饋情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，就會(hui)迅速(su)累加使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)在(zai)(zai)高速(su)下(xia)(xia)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，而(er)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)按標簽檢(jian)(jian)查線路(lu)后(hou)(hou)*正(zheng)(zheng)確，機(ji)床(chuang)廠(chang)技(ji)術人員認(ren)為不(bu)可能接錯，在(zai)(zai)充分分析與(yu)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)后(hou)(hou)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)將反(fan)(fan)(fan)饋線反(fan)(fan)(fan)接，結果(guo)機(ji)床(chuang)運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)。機(ji)床(chuang)廠(chang)技(ji)術人員不(bu)得不(bu)承認(ren)德方(fang)工(gong)(gong)作失誤。還有一(yi)例子(zi)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)天(tian)津某(mou)(mou)廠(chang)培(pei)訓(xun)講學時(shi)，應廠(chang)方(fang)要求(qiu)對他們(men)(men)廠(chang)一(yi)臺自進(jin)廠(chang)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)直無(wu)(wu)法正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)精密磨床(chuang)進(jin)行維(wei)修，其(qi)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：機(ji)床(chuang)一(yi)啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)就運(yun)(yun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，而(er)且越來越快，直至最(zui)高轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)分析認(ren)為是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)速(su)度(du)環開(kai)路(lu)，系(xi)統漂移無(wu)(wu)法抑制造(zao)成(cheng)。經檢(jian)(jian)查其(qi)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)速(su)度(du)反(fan)(fan)(fan)饋線接到(dao)(dao)了地線上(shang)造(zao)成(cheng)。③加工(gong)(gong)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)面達不(bu)到(dao)(dao)要求(qiu)，走圓弧插補軸(zhou)(zhou)換向時(shi)出(chu)現凸臺，或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)低速(su)爬行或(huo)振動，這(zhe)類故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)伺(si)服(fu)系(xi)統調整不(bu)當(dang)，各軸(zhou)(zhou)增益系(xi)統不(bu)相等或(huo)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)匹配不(bu)合適引(yin)(yin)起，解決辦法是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)行最(zui)佳化調節。④保(bao)險燒(shao)斷，或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)過熱，以(yi)至燒(shao)壞，這(zhe)類故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)械負載過大(da)或(huo)卡死。

德瑪吉810D西門子加工中心使能加不上；恒(heng)稅(shui)電(dian)氣專業維修(xiu)西門子840D、840D sl、810D數(shu)(shu)控(kong)系(xi)統NCU/CCU數(shu)(shu)控(kong)單元常(chang)見故障：7段(duan)碼指示(shi)(shi)燈無(wu)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)，自(zi)檢(jian)不(bu)過(guo)，LED燈顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)2，數(shu)(shu)碼管(guan)不(bu)亮，自(zi)檢(jian)不(bu)過(guo)，上(shang)(shang)電(dian)死機(ji)，數(shu)(shu)碼管(guan)顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)1，數(shu)(shu)碼管(guan)數(shu)(shu)字一直跳換(huan)閃(shan)爍維修(xiu)，H1、H2全(quan)亮，7段(duan)碼顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)8，7段(duan)碼數(shu)(shu)字翻轉數(shu)(shu)據(ju)不(bu)能總(zong)清(qing)，NCU板子循環顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)A025，840D床(chuang)子NCU顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)1，西門子NCU板子故障碼3，電(dian)池、控(kong)制(zhi)器使能不(bu)上(shang)(shang)，CCU軸模塊無(wu)使能信號，風扇(shan)故障，數(shu)(shu)據(ju)不(bu)能保持(chi)，接口故障，與PLC鏈接不(bu)上(shang)(shang)，NCU與機(ji)床(chuang)無(wu)法(fa)通訊(xun)，NCU板子通訊(xun)不(bu)上(shang)(shang)，數(shu)(shu)碼管(guan)數(shu)(shu)字不(bu)停閃(shan)維修(xiu)，NCU報(bao)警(jing)，NCU不(bu)正常(chang)等等故障維修(xiu)。